Pulling device



May 18 1926.

' 1,585,118 J. E. SCHOOLFIELD PULLING DEVICE Filed Oct. 21. 1922 4Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR A TTORNE Y J. E, SCHOOLFIELD May 18 1926.

PULLING DEVICE Filed Oct. 21, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet s Miro/Mr May 18 1926.

J. E. SCHOOLFIELD PULLING DEVICE Filed Oct. 21, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4ATTORNE Patented May 18, 1926 iiT'Eij stares were JAMES EJSCHOGLEIELD,OFDANVILLE,.VIBGINIA, ASSIGNOE T0 FULLER MANUFAC- TUBING- CO. INC., OFNEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORAEION OFNEW YORK.

PULLING- DEVICE.

Application filed October 21, 1922. Serial No. 595,322.

lhis invention relates to pulling mechanisnror the like for hauling orlifting a load and has for its main object and feature means wherebydifferent speed and. power ratios may be established when using thedevice in-connectionwith different loads, and.

In the accompanyingdrawingsthe inven-. t1on 1S embodiedm a concreteandpreferred form in which,

F 1 is a side elevationlooking in the direction of arrow 1 of Fig.2 of amachine embodying the invention, with parts broken away, and in section.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device with parts broken away, andinsection.

Fig. is a side elevation looking in the direction of arrow 3, Fig. 2,,with parts broken away, and in section.

Fig. a is a disassembled'view of the pawls of the low speed device withtheir supporting means. i

Fig. 5 is a handle or crank.

Figs. 6.to 12 inclusive are. diagrammatic views showing the operation ofthe lowspeed device.

1 indicatesva framework ofany suitable constructionin whicli is looselymounted a shaft supported in suitable bearings in such manner that theshaft may be rotated or oscillated. Loosely mounted on shaft 2 is a drum3. ldountedfast on shaft 2 isan arm l carrying a pawl 5, that engagesratchet teeth 6 on a flange of the drum. Said pawl is pivotallysupported at 7 and is normally urged into engagement with the ratchetaforesaid by means ofspring 8. By depressing the pawl forwardly into thedotted line position (Fig. 1), against the action of.

the spring, the pawl and ratchet mechanism is rendered inactive.

Also mounted fast on shaft2 is an arm 9 on which ispivotally supported apawl 10 normally urged by a spring into engage-- mentwithratchet llongear 12 which gear is mounted 'looselyon shaft 2. Meshing with gee-r12isa pinion 13-.mounted for rotation at 1& in the framework, and meshingwith detail viewof. the operating pinion 13 is an internalgear 15 on oneof the flanges of the drum. Pawl 10 may be thrownout of operation bydepressing it against the action of the spring and holding it in thisposition by latch 16.

Itv will be seen from Fig. 2 that shaft 2 proj'ects'through theframework at either side thereof andhas squared ends and that a lever 17(Fig. 5) or a crank may be attached to either squared end of'shaft 2,01,for that matter, a driving pulley or other transmis: sionmeans may besecured thereto. It will further be seen from Fig. 2 that the two trainsof transmission means are housed] within side flanges on the drum. Alsothat since pawl 5 transmits its power directly to the drum and pawl 10transmits its power indirectly through gearing to the drum, the. speedand power ratio of the two sets of transmission means are different withrespect to each other. Furthermore, ratchets 6 and 11 and pawlso and 10facein opposite directions.

It will now be understood that, by means of the mechanism described, thedrum may be actuated in a number of different. ways. If both pawls arein engagement with the la'CCllGtS, then, by rocking shaft 2 in oppositedirections, from either end thereof, as by neans of handle 17, thedrumwill be rotated in one and the same direction. By throwing one or theother of the pawl. and" ratchet mechanismsout of; operation, the drumcan be-intermittently rotated in the same direction. Finally, the drummay be rotated continuously by rotating shaft 2 in one direction or theother, the direction of rotation of shaft 2 determining the train ofmechanism. through which the drum is driven. In case shaft is rotatedcontinuously it is not necessary to throw one of the pawls out ofaction. it is rather, an. advantage to keep it in since the pawl notused for driving will act as a stop pawl to prevent backward ro tationof the drum.

'lVithin a small compass, therefore, and by relatively simple means, anumber of dif ferent'operating conditions can be met and differentspeedand power ratios can be ob tained at the will of the operator.

Although several speeds of the drum are obtainable by, the meansjustd'escri-bed, we will, as a matter of convenience, refer to theseveral trains of connections between the internal shaft and the drum.as the high lUU lllf) speed device and it will be understood that suchhigh speed devi e constitutes a complete mechanism for pulling, lit-tingor lowering objects, especially when associated with a brake mechanismto be presently delt is preferred, however, to have one or moreauxiliary low speed mechanisms having d nt speed and power ratios withrespec" to each other and with respect to the seseral speeds of the highspeed device. These mechanisms are designated by 18 and 19 (Fig- 2) andconsist essentially of two ratchets 20 and 21 and two pairs of low speedpawls 22, 23 and 2%. 25. It will be seen that ratchet 20 is in the outercircumference of the web of the drum that houses one set of gearingbetween shaft 2 and drum 3, internal gear 15 being on the inside of saidweb; and that ratchet 21 is on the outer circumference of a. web of thedrum on the other side of the machine. The two pairs of low speed pawlsare carried by rocking members 26 and 27 respectively sc r1 b c d whichare mounted independently of shaft 2 and exteriorly of drum 3 in theframework of the machine. Since the low-speed devices 18 and l areidentical in construction except for their power and speed ratio, onlyone of these, namely 18, will be described in detail.

Rocking member 26 is mounted to osci late in the framework and has asquared end 28 to which handle 17 may be fitted; and is further providedwith a stop member 29 that limits its rocking movement by coming incontact with abutment surfaces 30 and 32 indicates an auxiliary abutmentmember pivoted on the framework. Member 26 is provided with two pawlseats 33 and 34 having at one end apertures 35- Pawls 22 and 23 areprovided with pivot extensions 36 and 37, one of which fits intoaperture 35 and the other of which is held in position by cap 38 havingtwo recesses in its lower surface as shown. Cap 38 is held in positionby means of plate 39 secured to the endof member 26 by means of bolt 40;bolt ll passing through plate 39, member 26 into cap to secure thelatter in position. Pawl 23 also has cam surfaces 42 and a3, and 44;indicates a pin on the framework against which pawl 23 acts. Each pawlis further provided with two pins 45 for the purpose of receivingsprings 4-6 and 47 between them. These springs are carried by a. pawlreversing member 48 pivotally supported at 4:9 in the framework andcontrolled by pawl reversing lever 50 pivoted to the end thereof andextending through I in the framework. 52 is a projQC'l-zOi'l that mayengage a protuberance on the upper or lower side of that part of theframework to which it is adjacent. It will be understood that when theparts are in the position shown in Fig. 3 springs 4-6 and lating to LOWand l? urge the pawls away ratchet.

lVith the parts in the position shown i Fig. 3, handle 17 may beattached to squased end 28 of member 26, and said meml er now eing movedto the left, in Fig. 3, will cause pawl 22 to engage a tooth of t lratchet thereby rotating the drum. Thi movement of pawl 22 is due to thefact the pawl 22 is pivoted at a point eccentric with respect to thecenter of oscillation of menn ber For the same reason pawl 23 v. duringthis movement to the left of lever in" gradually withdraw in an upwardand right hand direction until it passes the next tooth on the ratchetwhen spring 4-7 will force it 55 into said tooth and this occurs justprior the engagement of stop 29 with abut surface 31. On the reversestroke of le or 17 and member 26 pawl 23 pushes the drum and pawl 22disengages until the next tooth is reached when spring 46 moves it intosaid tooth Under these conditions, therefore, oscillation of member 26will rotate the drum clockwise as viewed in Fig.

During the operation just described, pin id, while it contacts at timeswith the lower cam surface of pawl 23, does not function: and similarlythe upper cam surface on pawl 23 does not function with respect to thelower surface of pawl 22.

If it is now desired to relieve the strain on the cable without entirelyreleasing the drum or to lower an object, pawl reversing member 48 ismoved into the position shown in Fig. 1 in which position the springsnormally urge the pawls away from the ratchet.

This action, however, will not materially affect pawls 22 and 23 becausethe load equally distributed between them when t pulling motion isstopped by step 29 movn slightly away from abutment 30 or 31 the casemay be. The same action. will also occur when holding the load duringpulling by the low speed pawls.

To begin the lowering operation when the low speed pawls 22 and 23 arein the position indicated in Fig. 6, lever 1? must be pulled backward(to the right) until stop 29 comes against abutment member 30 thusreleasing the holding pressure on pawl 2 I and pulling it back farenough to allot. spring 4.6 to throw it downward past the ratchet tooth,as indicated in Fig. 7, until it rests upon the upper surface of pawlThe pull of the load, being in the direction of arrow in Fig. 7, is nowsustained by pawl 23 moving itbaclr ard and throwing lever 1? forward.During this action pawl advancing and its lower surface will ride Hillon the upper cam'surface d2 of lever 23 until it is guided against theaction of spring 46 into the next. ratchet tooth. 7, and 9). When theparts reach the position shown in Fig. 9, they are in a holdingposition. By allowing the forward movement of lever 17 to continue untilstop 29 comes againstabutmei'it member 31 10), the load will be thrownon pawl 22, whereby pawl 23 is released and falls into contactwith pin44:. ()n the return stroke of lever 17, pawl 22 will be retracted and 23will advance, and in so doing pin it will guide pawl 23 into engagementwith the next ratchet tooth (Figs. 11 and 6) and will eventually releasepawl 22 7).

Fig. 12 shows the parts in the neutral position when no load is on thedrum, in which case springs 46 and t? throw both pawls out of engagementwith the ratchet. In this position stop 29 is in a vertical position and.i'nay rest against auxiliary stop 32 which has been thrown forward asindicated.

From what has been said it will now be evident that the so-called highspeed mech anism rotates the drum in a clockwise direction when viewedin Fig. 3 regardless of whether shaft 2 is rocked or is rotated ineither direction, and that either of the low speed mechanisms 18 or 19will rotate the drum in a clockwise direction when viewed in Fig. 3. Itfollows, therefore, that when the drum actuated by the high speedmechanism either one or both of the low speed mechanisms act as stoppawls preventing backward rotation. Therefore, if it is desired to runout the cable preparatory to beginning winding by means of the highspeed device, or when lowering a light lead, the low speed pawls areplaced in neutral (Fig. 12) while the cable is so running out and pawls5 and 10 of the high speed device are likewise thrown out of engagementwith their ratchets.

Associated with the pulling device is a suitable brake. In the presentcase the outer circumference of internal ratchet 6 forms a brake surface53 surrounding which is a brake band 5-l, the free ends of which areattached to a. rocking member 55 inounted in the framework, the pointsof attachment of the brake band being eccentric with respect to thecenter of member 55. Memher 55 carries a brake handle 56 and has aratchet 57 formed at its lower surface, with which latter engages latchpawl 58 which is urged into engaging position by spring 59. 50 is abrake release lever which acts against pin 61 on pawl 58 to release thepawl from the ratchet.

The device as a whole is conveniently mounted on road wheels 62 suitablyjournaled to the framework.

I claim:

1. A. pulling device or the like comprising: anoscillatory shaft, a drumloose on the Shaft pawl and ratchet means between the shaft-and drum forrotating the drum in the same direction upon astroke in either directionof the shaft, a rocking member in dependent of the shaft, a pair of lowspeed pawls on the rocking member, and means, actuated by said low speedpawls, for rotating the drum in the same direction upon actuation of therocking member in opposite directions.

2. A pulling device or the like comprising: a drum, two shafts, oneloose within the drum and the other external of said drum, ratchet andpa '1 mechanism between the internal shaft and the drum for driving thedrum in one direction upon oscillation of said shaft, and a secondratchet and pawl mechanism between the second shaft and the drum, havinga different speed and power ratio from that of the first ratchetmechanism, for driving the drum in one direction upon oscillation of thesecond shaft.

8. A pulling device or the like comprising: a drum, three shafts, oneloose within the drum and the others external of said drum, ratchet andpawl mechanism between the internal shaft and the drum for driving thedrum in one direction upon oscillation of said shaft, and two otherratchet and pawl mechanisms between the two external shafts and thedrum, having a different speed and power ratio with respect to eachother and with respect to the first pawl and ratchet mechanism fordriving the drum in one direction upon oscillation of either of theexternal shaft-s.

41-. A pulling device or the like comprising: a shaft, a drum looselymounted on said shaft, side flanges on said. drum, an internal gear onone of said flanges, a pawl mounted on said shaft adjacent the plane ofsaid internal gear, means housed within the flange for transmitting themotion of the pawl to the internal gear, ratchet adjacent the otherflange of the drum and movable in unison with the latter, and a secondpawl mounted on said shaft adjacent the plane of said other flange-andoperating in a direction opposite to that of the first pawl, wherebyrotation in the same direction is impart-ed. to the drum duringoscillation of the shaft in opposite directions.

5. A pulling device or the like comprising: a shaft, a drum looselymounted on said shaft, side flanges on said drum, an internal gear onone of said flanges, pawl mounted on said shaft adjacent the plane ofsaid internal gear, means housed within the flange for transmitting themotion of the pawl to the internal gear, including a gear looselymounted on the shaft, a ratchet carried by said gear, and a pinion inmesh with the loosely mounted gear and the internal gear, a ratchetadjacent the other flange of the

